Sometimes, shapes are just the object itself. A circle might be peaceful, a heart evocative, a triangle dynamic, and so on – but the only thing to be said about every shape is that they have the power to attract our attention. Each variety of shape has its own emotional impact on a photo, and it’s impossible to generalize. Shapes can be anything, from the crescent moon to the shape of a smiling face. Now, we move from the simple elements of composition to the complex. There’s a line – a connection between the two elements of the photo that makes each one more impactful. The space between the child and truck might be “empty,” but the viewer knows it is important anyway. Imagine a portrait of a child looking at a toy truck. Sometimes, lines in a photo are imaginary, but they’re still there. A path leading from foreground to background has a way of making the image feel connected. They can give an image structure, which is a crucial part of making an image feel deliberate and intentional. Lines also serve an important function of connecting two different elements of your photo. Even the fuzzy, lightly defined edge of a cloud is usually a line. That includes a curved road or a jagged mountain ridge, for example. Photographically, anything that connects two parts of a photo or stretches across your composition is a line. Like points, lines in photography are not defined as rigidly as lines in geometry. Or, they are a boundary: the division between sky and ground, for example. In contrast to points, which draw a viewer’s attention, lines are more like a path for a viewer to follow. For now, I’ll cover the next simple element of composition: lines. But hold that thought for a minute, and return to it for the “Relationships” section later. If you’ve internalized that points can draw a viewer’s eye and attract attention, you likely have a good idea of why they are so important in photography they help give a photo structure. Our eyes follow the lines of the slope and end up at the same spot. It is, of course, the peak of the sand dune – the point. Points matter in photography because they are one of the most fundamental ways to draw our attention – to add interest to a particular area. The same is true of the spot where two mountains meet one another, creating an intersection that pulls at the viewer’s eye. Stars in the sky in a photograph are “points,” and so is an out-of-focus light in the background. A point is just a small area of interest in a photo, or the intersection between areas of interest. Photographically, we’re a bit more lenient. Points are a bit deceptive mathematically, they have zero dimensions. The simplest element of composition is a point. Every object in your photograph exhibits these characteristics to a degree, sometimes obviously and sometimes hidden. These elements do not depend on anything else in a photo, or upon the borders of your composition itself. The first six elements of composition are simply different types of objects you may find in a photo, ranging from simple to complex.
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